Thaum tsim lossis txhim kho lub hnub ci hluav taws xob, ib qho kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb uas koj yuav ua yog kev xaiv cov hnub ci cables. Cov kab hluav taws xob no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas ntau yam ntawm koj lub cev, suav nrog hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, inverters, them nyiaj tswj hwm, thiab roj teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho lus nug uas tshwm sim yog seb lub 2.5 hli hnub ci cable, uas feem ntau yog siv hauv DC circuits, tuaj yeem siv rau alternating tam sim no (AC) circuits.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb txog qhov sib txawv ntawm DC thiab AC hluav taws xob, seb lub hnub ci 2.5 hli puas haum rau AC, thiab cov kev xav koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum xaiv hnub ci xaim rau DC thiab AC daim ntawv thov.
Nkag siab txog Solar Cables: DC vs AC
Ua ntej dhia mus rau seb lub 2.5 hli hnub ci cable puas haum rau AC, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm DC (direct tam sim no) thiab AC (alternating tam sim no) systems hauv lub hnub ci zog.
1.1 DC Hnub Ci Systems
Hauv DC hnub ci system, hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog tam sim no ncaj qha. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov ntws ntawm hluav taws xob txav mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia nkaus xwb, los ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag mus rau tus nqi tswj thiab inverter (yog tias siv), thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd mus rau lub roj teeb lossis thauj khoom.
Lub hnub ci hluav taws xob siv rau DC circuits yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tuav tau qhov tam sim no uas tsim los ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab xa mus rau lwm cov khoom hauv lub cev tsis muaj hluav taws xob ntau dhau los lossis muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Piv txwv li, 2.5 hli hnub ci cable feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv DC hnub ci tshuab rau luv mus rau nruab nrab cable khiav. Nws feem ntau muaj peev xwm nqa tam sim no nyob ib puag ncig 20-25A thiab yog tsim los rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob qis (xws li 12V, 24V, thiab 48V).
1.2 AC Hnub Ci Systems
Ib qho AC hnub ci system yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis. Tom qab cov hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog hloov los ntawm DC mus rau AC (feem ntau yog los ntawm inverter), nws yog siv los siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev lossis cov khoom lag luam AC.
AC yog hom qauv hluav taws xob siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov phiaj hluav taws xob, thiab nws hloov cov kev taw qhia ib ntus. Txij li tam sim no alternates nyob rau hauv AC systems, muaj ntxiv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo yam yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum xaiv cables.
2.5 hli Solar Cable puas siv tau rau AC?
Cov lus teb luv luv yog: Yog, tab sis nrog cov xwm txheej.
Lub 2.5 hli hnub ci cable tuaj yeem siv rau AC daim ntawv thov, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov cable yog tsim thiab ntsuas rau AC siv, tsis yog siv rau DC xwb. Thaum lub cable loj thiab cov khoom siv (feem ntau yog tooj liab lossis txhuas) tuaj yeem tswj tau ob qho tib si AC thiab DC tam sim no, qhov tseem ceeb nyob hauv hom rwb thaiv tsev thiab lub peev xwm tam sim no ntawm cov cable hauv AC circuits.
2.1 Cable rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev nyab xeeb
Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv cov hnub ci hluav taws xob rau AC circuits yog kom ntseeg tau tias cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob raug ntsuas rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm AC system. Piv txwv li:
Hnub ci hluav taws xob zoo li PV1-F lossis H1Z2Z2-K yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv hauv DC hnub ci, tab sis lawv yuav tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ib yam uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm zoo hauv AC circuits.
AC cables feem ntau xav tau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau dua thiab yuav tsum tiv taus corona tawm, hluav taws xob cuam tshuam (EMI), thiab lwm yam kev phom sij AC. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov hnub ci hluav taws xob rau DC yuav tsis raug ntsuas rau cov kev ntxhov siab no.
Yog li, thaum lub 2.5 hli hnub ci xaim tuaj yeem nqa tau tam sim no hauv AC Circuit Court, cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum sib haum nrog AC thiab ua tau raws li qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb rau AC systems. Piv txwv li, 2.5 hli PVC cable yuav zoo rau AC circuits ntawm qis voltages (xws li, 120V AC), tab sis ib tug tshwj xeeb rwb thaiv tsev zoo li XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene) tej zaum yuav tsim nyog rau siab dua voltage AC systems (xws li, 240V AC. los yog industrial systems).
2.2 Lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no hauv AC Systems
Lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no ntawm 2.5 hli hnub ci cable yuav txawv ntawm DC thiab AC systems. Qhov sib txawv no yog vim tias cov khoom ntawm AC thiab DC tam sim no sib txawv ntawm qhov lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau. Hauv AC systems, lub cable yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov ntau zaus hauv AC ua rau tam sim no mus rau sab nrauv ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Qhov kev cuam tshuam no tuaj yeem txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm thaj chaw zoo ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, yog li txo nws cov peev xwm nqa tam sim no piv rau DC systems.
Hauv cov tshuab DC ib txwm, 2.5 hli cable tuaj yeem nqa mus txog 20-25A, tab sis rau AC, tib lub cable yuav nqa tam sim no tsawg dua vim yog cov khoom ntxiv no. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, 2.5 hli hnub ci cable ntsuas rau DC yuav muaj qhov ntsuas qis dua tam sim no hauv AC systems, thiab nws yuav tsis tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua AC yam tsis muaj kev xav ntxiv rau kev poob qis thiab kev nyab xeeb.
2.3 AC Cable Standards thiab Regulations
Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias AC cables muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb thiab cov cai uas lawv yuav tsum ua raws. Cov qauv no suav nrog cov lus qhia hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb rau kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob, xws li:
TS EN 60227-IEC: Rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg.
IEC 60332 (TSI): Rau cov qauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws.
TIAB SA 4703: Rau PV system thaiv.
Hnub ci cables, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tsim rau DC circuits, feem ntau tsis tau ntawv pov thawj kom ua tau raws li cov qauv AC tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias ib lub 2.5 hli cable tuaj yeem nqa tau AC tam sim no nyob rau hauv qee yam kev mob, nws muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab ua raws li kev siv AC cables tshwj xeeb rau qhov voltage, tam sim no, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj lub AC system.
Xaiv txoj cai Cable rau AC Solar Applications
Thaum nws muaj peev xwm siv tau 2.5 hli hnub ci xaim rau AC daim ntawv thov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau xaiv cov cables uas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm koj qhov tshwj xeeb AC system. Hauv qab no yog qee cov lus qhia los pab koj xaiv txoj cai cable:
3.1 Siv AC-Rated Cables
Rau feem ntau AC hnub ci tshuab, nws raug nquahu kom siv AC-rated cables xws li:
H05VV-F thiab H07RN-F cables rau low-voltage AC applications.
XLPE-insulated cables rau nruab nrab thiab high-voltage systems.
THWN -2 lossis THHN cables rau kev siv dav dav AC xaim hauv kev lag luam.
Cov cables no tau tsim thiab sim los tswj AC kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm qhov voltage thiab tam sim no thiab muab cov rwb thaiv tsev kom zoo los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
3.2 Kev xaiv Cable Loj
Thaum xaiv qhov loj cable, nco ntsoov xav txog:
Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob: Lub cable yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm koj lub AC system.
Kev ntsuas tam sim no: Xyuas kom meej tias lub cable tuaj yeem nqa tau qhov xav tau tam sim no yam tsis muaj cua sov ntau dhau.
Nyob deb: Rau kev khiav hauj lwm cable ntev dua, xaiv lub cable loj dua kom txo qis hluav taws xob poob thiab ua kom pom kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev: Xaiv cov kab hluav taws xob uas tsim nyog rau AC tiv thaiv hluav taws xob los yog hluav taws kub.
3.3 Ua raws li Cov Cai Hluav Taws Xob
Xyuas kom meej tias lub hnub ci xaim ua raws li cov cai hauv zos thiab thoob ntiaj teb. Piv txwv li, hauv ntau lub teb chaws, AC cables siv rau kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov koom haum xws li UL (Underwriters Laboratories) lossis IEC kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.