1. Kev ntsuas ntawm XHHW xaim
1.1 Dab tsi yog xhhw xov hlau?
Tus "XHHW" hauv XHHW cov xov hlau sawv cev rau peb tus yawm sij hauv qab no:
X (Hla Txuas): Hais txog cov xov hlau siv cov cuab yeej hla kev sib txuas, thiab nws cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev yog cov polyethylene (xlpe). Tus ntoo khaub lig-txuas nrog Polyethylene ua ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam sim no, uas txhim kho cov kub tsis kam thiab lub zog kho zog.
HH (siab kub-resistant): qhia tau tias cov khoom tau ua haujlwm ntev ntawm 90 degree lossis ntau dua, thiab tsis yog hnub nyoog lossis soften vim kub.
W (Dej-resistant): Hais txog nws cov dej tsis zoo thiab noo noo-ua pov thawj muaj peev xwm, thiab tuaj yeem tuav txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam luv luv tshwm sim.
Vim li no, XHHW cov xov hlau tsis yog tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev lag luam ib puag ncig thiab kub nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig thiab tseem dav siv nyob rau sab nraum zoov thiab hauv qab nteg.
1.2 kev xav tau cov ntsiab lus hauv kev lag luam Asmeskas
Hauv Asmeskas kev ua lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Canada, CEC, CEC, CEC) muaj cov kev cai nruj kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov kub tsis kam, cov khoom lag luam tawm tsam, dej tsis taus thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom lag luam. Cov ntawv pov thawj xws xws li UL44 tau tso rau tom ntej nruj ua nruj raws li kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam cable hauv cov chaw muaj ib puag ncig. Raws li cov qauv no, XHHW cov xov hlau tau ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem polyethylene thiab cov av noo, ua rau lawv xaiv qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv sab nraum zoov.
2. Cov Khoom Siv Zoo thiab Tsim Kev Tsim Kev Lag Luam ntawm XHHW cov xov hlau
2.1 Cov Ntsiab Lus Ntawm Cross-Txuas Polyethylene (XLPE)
Xhhw xas feem ntau siv cov ntoo khaub lig-txuas nrog polyethylene raws li cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev. Piv nrog cov khoom siv thermoplastic xws li PVC, XLPE muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:
Sov tsis tshua muaj cua sov
Cov qauv molecular ntawm cov polyethylene ua cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm 90 degree lossis ntau dua qhov tseem ceeb, thiab yuav tsis muaj hnub nyoog qis lossis muag txawm nyob hauv qhov kub siab Sab nraum zoov ib puag ncig los yog ntev ntev los ua lub hnub ci.
Zoo heev waterproof thiab cov dej noo-pov thawj cov khoom
XLPE cov khoom nws tus kheej muaj cov txheej txheem kev nqus dej, yog li cov ntaub ntawv XHhhw tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov dej hauv av noo, nquag los ntawm ib puag ncig hauv av. Cov yeeb yam no tseem ceeb heev rau cov phiaj xwm xws li kev teeb pom kev zoo sab nraud, kev tsim khoom thiab cov cua engineering thiab lub qhov ua engineering thiab cov cua.
Muaj zog tiv taus rau tshuaj lom corrosion
Nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov sab nraum zoov, cov xaim hluav taws xob yuav tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov tshuaj muaj xeb xws li kua qaub, cov dej alkali. Lub XLPE rwb thaiv tsev txheej muaj cov tshuaj ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev yaig ntawm ntau yam kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, kom muaj kev puas tsuaj ntev yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Cov neeg kho tshuab zoo zog thiab hnav tsis kam
Hla-polyethylene yog nruj me ntsis tswj tau nruj me ntsis thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, thiab lub txiaj ntsim Mesh qauv txhim kho cov khoom siv tensile thiab cuam tshuam. Txawm hais tias nws raug rau sab nraud yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa lossis siv, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj tshuab.
2.2 Cov txheej txheem kev tsim khoom thiab kev tswj hwm zoo
Thaum tsim cov xov hlau XHHW, cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv qab no:
Raw Khoom Raw Kev Ntsuas thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm
Siv cov kev hloov pauv siab polyethylene cob thiab ntxiv ib qho nyiaj uas tsim nyog sib txuas los xyuas kom meej tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab sib txuas ua ke tuaj yeem ua tau tusyees.
Hla-Txuas Txheej Txheem
Cov hau kev hla txuas tau tsuas yog muab faib ua hluav taws xob hla kev txuas ntxiv thiab txuas rau kev sib txuas. Hluav taws xob hla kev sib txuas hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nce los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab ke ntawm cov neeg sawv cev sib txuas lus xws li cov kev mob siab. Ob txoj hauv kev muaj lawv tus kheej thiab qhov tsis zoo, tab sis ob leeg puav leej muaj peev xwm tsim cov txheej txheem txheej txheem nrog kev ua tau zoo heev.
Txiav tawm moulding
Cov khoom sib txuas hla yog tusyees extruded thiab coated ntawm tus neeg xyuas coj. Qhov meej tswj ntawm kub, siab thiab txias tus nqi hauv cov txheej txheem no ncaj qha txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm lub kawg ntawm xaim cable.
Nruj ntsuas thiab ntawv pov thawj
Ua ntej tawm hauv lub hoobkas, XHHW cov xov hlau yuav tsum tau cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntau li ul44, muab cov ntawv pov thawj rau ul44, muab kev pom zoo rau kev siv sab nraum zoov.
3. Qhov zoo ntawm XHHW cov xov hlau nyob rau sab nraum zoov daim ntawv thov
3.1 Yuav tsum ua nruj nyob rau sab nraum zoov ib puag ncig
Sab nraum zoov Electrical Engineering Feem ntau ntsib cov kev cov nyom hauv qab no:
Kev kub siab thiab ncaj qha tshav ntuj
Lub sijhawm ntev ua rau lub hnub ci ua rau qhov kub thiab txias rau, thiab cov xov hlau tsis txaus ntseeg, thaum XHHW cov xov hlau tuaj yeem nyob ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub.
Vaum thiab nag tsaug zog
Sab nraum zoov cables yuav tsum tau ntsib cov xwm txheej xws li los nag hnyav, av noo thiab hauv av. Cov dej nqus dej tsis haum thiab kev qaug dej zoo heev yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj rau kev siv sab nraum zoov.
Tshuaj lom neeg corrosion thiab ntsev tsuag tsuag yaig
Cables nyob rau hauv seaside lossis tshuaj muaj tshuaj feem ntau tau tawm tsam los ntawm cov tshuaj corrosive. Cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo heev ntawm XHHW cov xov hlau tuaj yeem tiv qhov kev ntxeem tau ntawm cov acids, alkalis thiab ntsev tsuag.
Neeg kho tshuab hnav thiab kev cuam tshuam lub cev
Nyob rau sab nraum zoov teeb tsa sab nraum zoov, cov hlau feem ntau yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tsheb, siv tshuab lossis lwm yam sab nraud. Lub zog kho tshuab siab ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig-txuas nrog polyethylene ua rau nws ruaj khov dua.
3.2 Dej thiab huab cua tsis kam ntawm XHHW xov hlau
Vim kev siv ntawm tus ntoo khaublig-txuas cov ntaub ntawv Polyethylene, XHHW cov xov hlau tuaj yeem qhia tau muaj zog waterproof thiab noo noo-pov thawj cov khoom thaum siv sab nraum zoov. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog txhais tau tias cov cable tseem tuaj yeem tswj kev ua kom muaj nag lossis dej nyab zoo, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb lossis dej xau lossis xau. UL44 Daim ntawv pov thawj ntxiv tuaj yeem lav cov khoom ntev ntev thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom hauv cov khoom muaj huab.
3.3 Haum rau hauv av thiab qhib-cua tso
Hauv nroog loj hauv kev tsim kho, XHHW cov xov hlau feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv av raj av, tunnels thiab choj. Nws cov kua dej zoo heev thiab tshuaj lom neeg tiv taus kom ntseeg tau tias cov haujlwm ruaj khov tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom siv nyob hauv av hauv av muaj cov tshuaj. Thaum ntsia sab nraum zoov, XHHW cov xov hlau kuj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cua, lub hnub thiab nag thiab nag, ua rau lawv muaj teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws xws li kev teeb tsa sab nraud, teeb tsa cov teeb liab thiab tshuaj xyuas cov duab.
4. Xhhw Hlau Ua Haujlwm Daim Ntawv Thov Cov Qauv thiab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas
4.1 Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam
Hauv North America, xws li Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Canada, Ntau lub nroog Agineering tej yaam num Siv cov xov hlau XHHW rau:
Undergle system: Hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv nroog, cov raj dej av feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv cov dej tsis muaj dej thiab cov huab cua zoo heev. XHHW cov xov hlau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb kom ntev ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nrog lawv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws xob thiab ua pov thawj kub.
Qhov chaw thiab subway engineering: qhov kub, av noo thiab kev co nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw txhua qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov cable. XHHW cov xov hlau tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los ntawm cov xwm txheej hnyav li no thiab txo cov xwm txheej uas muaj kev sib kis.
4.2 Daim Ntawv Thov Hauv Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam
Hauv kev muaj Automation thiab cov tsev lag luam ua lag luam, cov kab sab nraum zoov kuj tseem tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm XHHW xov hlau:
Sab Nraud Teeb Pom Kev Zoo: Hauv kev lag luam ntau, chaw nres tsheb thiab pej xeem, cov clesares feem ntau raug rau sab nraud ib puag ncig. Cov huab cua zoo tsis kam thiab UV tsis kam ntawm XHHW cov xov hlau ua rau nws dav siv nyob rau sab nraum zoov teeb pom kev zoo.
Muaj Nroj Tsuag Thiab Cov Khoom Ntim Khoom Siv: Hauv Ntau Cov Phiaj Xwm, Cables Yuav Tsum Tau Nteb Sab nraum zoov Los Yog Hauv Ib Nrab Qhib-Cua Ib puag ncig. Cov kub ua kom tsis kam, waterproofness thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm XHHW cov xov hlau ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke thiab txo tus nqi kho.
4.3 Kev tawg-ntawv pov thawj thiab cov ntawv thov kom nyab xeeb hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb
Hauv qee qhov chaw pheej hmoo siab, xws li cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, roj thiab roj av tawg thiab cov dej noo-tiv taus ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob muaj ntau. XHHW cov xov hlau tau lees paub los ntawm ul44 tsis tsuas yog muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej saum toj no, tab sis kuj tseem ua pov thawj kev tsim qauv, tab sis kuj tseem ua pov thawj kev tsim qauv, muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntev thiab ruaj khov rau cov chaw no.
5. Kev ceev faj rau sab nraum zoov teeb tsa ntawm XHHW xaim
Txawm hais tias XHHW cov xov hlau yog haum rau ntau qhov chaw sab nraud yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa thiab siv kom lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws:
5.1 Xaiv Raug
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Pejaleem
Xaiv cov xaim XHHW ntawm cov kev tshwj xeeb tsim nyog thiab qauv raws li cov xwm txheej xws li kub, av noo, kev sib cav sib xyaw rau hauv ib thaj chaw installation. Rau cov phiaj xwm tshwm sim nthuav tawm ib puag ncig heev, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov khoom lag luam uas tau dhau Ul44 kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom lag luam tau raws li cov kev xav tau tiag tiag.
Voltage thiab cov kev xav tau
Raws li cov qauv tsim hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua ntawm txoj haujlwm, paub txog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob, theem tam sim no los txhawm rau zam kev tsis ua haujlwm lossis ntsuas kub tsis txaus siab vim yog ntsuas tsis taus.
5.2 Txoj Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Xav Tau
Tsawg kawg yog khoov hluav taws xob vojvoog
Txij li thaum tus ntoo khaub lig-txuas cov khoom polyethylene yog qhov nyuaj, tsawg kawg yog khoov vojvoog teev los ntawm kev ua kom puas tsuaj rau cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev vim yog khoov ntau dhau.
Kev Tiv Thaiv Txhua Yam
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig sab nraum zoov uas tau raug rau sab nraud cuam tshuam lossis kev sib txhuam, cov phiaj looj tes yuav tsum tau siv los tiv thaiv cov khawb thiab hnav tshuab rau ntawm qhov cub cab.
Sib koom ua ke thiab kev kho mob
Cov pob qij txha yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sab nraum zoov installation. Kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dej thiab cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum raug xaiv kom ntseeg tau tias txhua qhov kev sib txuas tsis puas los ntawm ya raws, hmoov av thiab tshuaj lom neeg.
5.3 Kev Soj Ntsuam Ib Yam thiab Kho
Saib Xyuas thiab Kuaj
Nquag xyuas cov xwm txheej teeb meem, kev sib koom sib khi thiab rwb thaiv tsev kev sib raug zoo ntawm XHHW xov hlau. Yog tias tsim nyog, siv Infrared thermal kev ntsuas, dielectric lub zog kuaj thiab lwm txoj kev los tshawb xyuas seb cov cable muaj cua kub hauv zos lossis rwb thaiv tsev degradation.
Kev tiv thaiv kev saib xyuas
Rau cov nruab rau sab nraum zoov ntev, ib lub hom phiaj kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau tsim kom kho cov kev puas tsuaj me me los ntawm kev ua haujlwm sab nraud kom ua tau kev ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv thiab ruaj khov ntawm lub system.
6. Yav Tom Ntej Tiam thiab Txuj Ci Kev Loj Hlob
Nrog rau kev txhawb nqa cov pob ntse ntse, Internet ntawm yam (ITO) thiab cov xov hlau ua lag luam hauv Asmeskas thiab txhim kho hauv cov ntawv thov sab nraum zoov:
Tshuaj Saib Xyuas Neeg Txawj Ntse
Yav Tom Ntej XHHW cov xov hlau tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev soj ntsuam qhov kub thiab txias, yog li kev ceeb toom thaum ntxov thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm.
Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov
Nrog rau cov kev tiv thaiv thoob ntiaj teb ib puag ncig, cov xov hlau tshiab yuav them rau cov txheej txheem rov qab ua thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev txhawb nqa.
Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm Siab Tshaj Plaws
Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob hauv Asmeskas tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv hauv UL44 thiab lwm yam ntxiv rau hauv cov dej hauv av, huab cua-tiv taus cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.