Xaiv qhov loj ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim lub hnub ci hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig thiab nyab xeeb. Ib lub hnub ci loj loj lossis qis dua tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog poob, overheating, lossis txawm tias lub cev tsis ua haujlwm. Kev xam qhov loj ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov cables tuaj yeem nqa tau qhov tam sim no yam tsis muaj qhov hluav taws xob ntau dhau, thaum txo qis hluav taws xob poob thiab tswj lub zog tag nrho.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav qhia koj txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev xam cov hnub ci cable loj, suav nrog kev nkag siab txog yam tseem ceeb xws li lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no, qhov hluav taws xob poob, thiab cable tsis kam. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb yuav tshawb xyuas seb yuav xaiv lub hnub ci zoo li cas raws li cov kev suav no thiab lwm yam kev xav tseem ceeb rau lub hnub ci hluav taws xob muaj zog.
Yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau hnub ci Cable loj
Thaum xam cov hnub ci cable loj, ntau yam tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account:
Tam sim no (Amps)
Voltage (zeeg)
Cable Ntev
Khoom siv Cable
Voltage poob
Kev ntsuas kub
Kev nyab xeeb Margins
Cia peb rhuav tshem txhua yam ntawm cov xwm txheej no thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov tseeb hnub ci hlau loj.
Kauj Ruam 1: Txiav txim siab qhov tam sim no (Amps)
Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci system yog txiav txim los ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub hwj chim uas yog generated los ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab lub system qhov voltage. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj paub lub hwj chim (hauv watts) thiab qhov hluav taws xob (hauv volts) ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag lossis qhov system, koj tuaj yeem xam qhov tam sim no siv Ohm Txoj Cai:
Tam sim no (A) =Power (W) / Voltage (V)
Piv txwv:
Cia peb xav tias koj muaj lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag tsim 300W ntawm lub zog, thiab qhov system voltage yog 24V. Tam sim no tuaj yeem xam raws li:
Tam sim no =300W/24V=12.5A
Rau 300W, 24V hnub ci system, tam sim no uas yuav ntws los ntawm cable yog 12.5 amps. Qhov no yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb, raws li lub hnub ci xaim yuav tsum muaj peev xwm nqa tau tus nqi tam sim no yam tsis muaj cua sov ntau.
Kauj Ruam 2: xam qhov Voltage poob
Voltage poob yog qhov txo qis hauv qhov hluav taws xob uas tshwm sim thaum tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob, feem ntau yog vim qhov tsis kam ntawm lub hnub ci xaim. Kev poob qis ntau dhau tuaj yeem txo qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub cev los ntawm kev txo qhov voltage mus txog koj lub inverter lossis roj teeb lub txhab nyiaj, yog li txo qis kev ua haujlwm thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau cov khoom tsis zoo.
Ib qho kev pom zoo yog ua kom qhov hluav taws xob poob qis dua 3% kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis raug cuam tshuam. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab, yuav tsum muaj qhov qis qis dua, yog li kev nkag siab thiab suav qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Txhawm rau xam qhov voltage poob:
Voltage poob (V) =2 × Tam sim no × Cable Length × Resistance ib Meter / 1000
Tam sim no yog tam sim no ntws los ntawm cable (hauv amps).
Cable Length yog ib txoj kev ntev ntawm cov hlau hauv meters.
Resistance per Meter nyob ntawm cov khoom thiab ntsuas ntawm cov hlau (feem ntau teev nyob rau hauv ohms ib meter.
Piv txwv:
Xav tias koj siv 10mm² tooj liab cable, nrog rau qhov tsis kam ntawm 0.0031 ohms ib 'meter'. Yog tias lub cable ntev 20 meters (rau qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo khiav), thiab qhov tam sim no yog 12.5A, koj tuaj yeem xam qhov voltage poob raws li hauv qab no:
Voltage poob {{0}} × 12.5 × 20 × 0.0031 / 1000=1.55V
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov voltage poob yog 1.55V, thiab yog hais tias lub system voltage yog 24V, qhov voltage poob sawv cev rau 6.5% ntawm tag nrho cov voltage, uas yog siab tshaj qhov xav tau 3% pib. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, koj yuav tsum tau siv lub cable loj dua lossis txo qhov ntev ntawm lub cable kom txo qhov voltage poob.
Kauj ruam 3: Xaiv lub Cable Loj
Thaum koj tau xam qhov xav tau tam sim no thiab kwv yees qhov hluav taws xob poob, cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog xaiv qhov loj ntawm hnub ci hluav taws xob. Muaj ob qhov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cable loj:
Tam sim no-Carrying Peev Xwm (Ampacity): Lub hnub ci xaim yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov siab tshaj plaws uas xav tau tam sim no yam tsis muaj cua sov los yog ua rau lub cable puas. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, xaiv lub cable loj uas tau ntsuas los nqa lub zog tam sim no dua li koj lub cev qhov siab tshaj plaws.
Voltage poob: Qhov luaj li cas ntawm lub hnub ci cable yuav tsum raug xaiv kom txo qhov voltage poob rau hauv qab3%(los yog qib uas ua tau raws li koj qhov kev xav tau). Cov kab hluav taws xob loj dua muaj qhov ua haujlwm qis dua, uas txo qhov voltage poob.
Ib txoj cai dav dav ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo rau hnub ci hlau loj raws li qhov tam sim no yog raws li hauv qab no:
2.5mm² kab: Haum rau txog li 15A (feem ntau rau cov tshuab me).
4mm2 kab: Haum rau 20A.
kab 6mm: Haum rau 25A.
10mm² kab: Haum rau 40A.
16mm² kab: Haum rau 55A.
25mm² kab: Haum rau 70A.
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj lub cev muaj qhov tam sim no ntawm 12.5A thiab lub cable khiav yog 20 meters, 4mm² lossis 6mm² hnub ci cable yuav txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav kom txo qis qis qis, koj tuaj yeem xaiv 6mm² tsis yog 4mm² kom txo qhov voltage poob hauv qab no.3%pib.
Kauj Ruam 4: Tus account rau qhov ntsuas kub thiab kev nyab xeeb
Kub ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab ampacity ntawm lub hnub ci cable. Lub peev xwm nqa tam sim no ntawm cov cables feem ntau txo qis thaum qhov kub nce. Feem ntau cov hnub ci hluav taws xob tau ntsuas rau kev siv ntawm 90 degree lossis 75 degree, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kub kub, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txiav txim siab de-rating lub peev xwm cable.
Piv txwv:
Yog tias koj lub kaw lus ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas qhov ntsuas kub tsis tu ncua siab tshaj 30 degree, koj yuav tsum tau nce qhov loj ntawm lub hnub ci xaim kom them rau qhov qis ampacity ntawm qhov kub siab dua.
Ntxiv mus, txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom suav nrog cov npoo kev nyab xeeb hauv koj lub hnub ci cable loj xam. Feem ntau, qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm 10-20% tau pom zoo. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj lub cev xav tau 12.5A cable, xaiv 6mm² cable ntsuas rau 20A yuav muab kev nyab xeeb tsis zoo, pab lub kaw lus ua tau zoo thiab nyab xeeb thaum lub sijhawm.
Kauj Ruam 5: Xaiv cov khoom siv cable zoo
Cov khoom siv ntawm lub hnub ci cable kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau kev suav loj. Ob yam khoom siv feem ntau siv rau hnub ci xaim yog:
Tooj: Copper cables yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo heev thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv qis dua, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem nqa tau ntau dua tam sim no rau qhov loj me piv rau txhuas cables. Copper cables yog kim dua tab sis nyiam rau feem ntau cov vaj tse hnub ci.
Aluminium: Aluminium cables tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob thiab yuav tsum muaj qhov loj dua los tswj cov nqi tam sim no xws li tooj liab. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv kev lag luam loj hnub ci kev teeb tsa uas tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Yog tias koj siv cov kab hluav taws xob aluminium, koj yuav tsum tau loj tuaj rau tus account rau qhov qis conductivity. Piv txwv li, ib qho 8mm² txhuas cable yuav xav tau rau tib yam tam sim no raws li 6mm² tooj liab cable.
Kauj ruam 6: Xav txog Cable rwb thaiv tsev hom
Hom rwb thaiv tsev yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xav txog, vim nws txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab ib puag ncig tiv thaiv ntawm lub hnub ci cable. Feem ntau cov hnub ci cables siv XLPE (Cross-Linked Polyethylene) rwb thaiv tsev rau sab nraum zoov siv vim nws muaj:
UV tsis kam
Kub tiv taus (txog 90 degree)
Abrasion tsis kam
Dej tsis kam
Rau sab hauv tsev lossis qis-voltage systems, PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) rwb thaiv tsev yuav siv tau, tab sis nws tsis tshua muaj zog thiab tsis haum rau raug tshav ntuj los yog kub heev.
Xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev tsim nyog rau qhov chaw teeb tsa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov cables yuav raug tshav ntuj, noo noo, lossis lwm yam mob hnyav.