Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm lub hnub ci fais fab systems, lub photovoltaic cable-tseem hu ua solar cables los yog hnub ci xov tooj-ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm cov hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov hnub ci cables yog lawv cov ntsuas hluav taws xob, uas txhais tau tias qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub cable tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua haujlwm. Nkag siab txog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm photovoltaic cables yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv cov kab hluav taws xob zoo rau kev teeb tsa lub hnub ci sib txawv, vim nws ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua haujlwm zoo.
Kab lus no yuav tshawb txog lub tswv yim ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv hnub ci cables, piav qhia nws qhov tseem ceeb, thiab qhia txog cov xwm txheej uas txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb yuav tham txog yuav ua li cas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub hnub ci xaim cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov qauv tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm photovoltaic (PV) system.
1. Qhov Rated Voltage ntawm aPhotovoltaic Cable?
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic yog hais txog qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov hluav taws xob uas lub cable tau tsim los ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev rwb thaiv tsev, hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm, lossis muaj kev nyab xeeb. Qhov tseem ceeb, nws qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm lub hnub ci cable yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cable lossis cov kab ke txuas.
Rated voltage yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb vim hais tias hnub ci vaj huam sib luag, inverters, thiab lwm yam khoom nyob rau hauv PV system ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tej voltage theem, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau siv cov cables uas muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov voltages kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob xwm txheej, hluav taws kub, los yog cov khoom puas. Hnub ci cables nrog qhov tsim nyog ntsuas hluav taws xob ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab, kev ua neej ntev, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm tag nrho lub hnub ci zog.
2. Vim li cas Rated Voltage tseem ceeb rauHnub ci Cables?
Rated voltage yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum xaiv cov hnub ci cables vim tias nws cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub ci. Kev siv lub hnub ci cable nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg dhau rau lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem:
Kub kub: Yog tias lub hnub ci xaim tsis raug ntsuas los tswj qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov system, nws tuaj yeem ua rau overheat, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj los yog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob.
Rwb thaiv tsev tawg: Thaum qhov hluav taws xob ntau dhau ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob, cov rwb thaiv tsev yuav tawg, ua rau luv luv Circuit Court lossis hluav taws xob arcing, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj lossis ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Txo Efficiency: Kev siv cov cables nrog qhov ntsuas qhov tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv, lub zog poob, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub cev.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, siv lub hnub ci cable nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob uas siab dhau rau lub kaw lus feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi tsis tsim nyog vim qhov nce ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob ntau dua.
3. Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau rau cov kab hluav taws xob photovoltaic
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub hnub ci cable sib txawv nyob ntawm seb hom thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm lub cable. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau, qhov kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws rau cov kab hluav taws xob photovoltaic poob hauv qee qhov ntau:
1. Tsawg Voltage (0-750V)
Qhov feem ntau ntsuas hluav taws xob rau hnub ci cables siv nyob rau hauv vaj tse thiab kev lag luam hnub ci zog yog 750V. Qhov no feem ntau yog qhov siab tshaj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau ntau lub hnub ci xov hlau tsim los siv rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob ncaj qha (DC) circuits ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab lub inverter. Cov kab hluav taws xob tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob zoo tagnrho rau cov tshuab uas xav tau lub zog qis dua thiab cov vaj huam sib luag tsawg dua.
Daim ntawv thov: Cov kab hluav taws xob no feem ntau siv rau lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag rau kev sib txuas hauv inverter, qhov twg qhov hluav taws xob feem ntau nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm 20V txog 60V ib lub vaj huam sib luag, nyob ntawm seb hom vaj huam sib luag. Ntau lub vaj huam sib luag tau txuas ua ke los tsim cov hlua, thiab tag nrho cov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ncav cuag 600V lossis 750V hauv qee lub tshuab, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub peev xwm ntawm 750V-rated hnub ci cable.
2. High Voltage (1000V lossis 1500V)
Rau kev lag luam loj thiab kev lag luam hnub ci, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm cov hnub ci hluav taws xob yuav nce mus txog 1000V lossis txawm tias 1500V. Cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau dua hnub ci hluav taws xob feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hnub ci, xws li hnub ci ua liaj ua teb lossis hnub ci fais fab nroj tsuag, qhov twg lub kaw lus qhov ntsuas xav tau qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua kom xa hluav taws xob ntau dhau mus ntev.
Daim ntawv thov: High voltage solar cables yog siv rau kev sib txuas hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab, xws li inverters, charger controllers, thiab roj teeb cia tshuab uas ua haujlwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntau dua. Hnub ci arrays hauv cov tshuab no tuaj yeem txuas nrog hauv cov koob kom ua tiav qhov siab dua qhov xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws hauv kev sib kis thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob.
3. Ntxiv High Voltage (Txog 6kV lossis 10kV)
Hauv qee qhov kev lag luam lossis kev lag luam loj heev, xws li daim phiaj-txuas hnub ci fais fab nroj tsuag lossis high-voltage DC (HVDC) kis tau tus mob, hnub ci cables nrog voltage ntsuas txog 6kV lossis 10kV yog siv. Cov kab hluav taws xob no tshwj xeeb tsim los rau kev siv ultra-high-voltage qhov twg txawm tias lub zog loj dua raug xa mus rau qhov deb tseem ceeb.
Daim ntawv thov: Cov kab hluav taws xob zoo li no yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob PV nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub zog cia lossis kab sib txuas uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev sib kis tau zoo heev. Lawv kuj tau siv nyob rau hauv kev teeb tsa hnub ci offshore lossis txhua qhov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau siv hluav taws xob ntev DC ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siab.
4. Cov qauv rau Rated Voltage hauv Photovoltaic Cables
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb kom ntseeg tau tias lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha rau kev siv hauv kev teeb tsa hnub ci. Cov qauv no yog tsim los xyuas kom cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci cables tuaj yeem tiv taus hluav taws xob thiab ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab uas lawv yuav ntsib mus ntev.
Qee cov qauv tseem ceeb uas tswj cov hnub ci cables suav nrog:
1. IEC 60216
Lub International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) tus qauv IEC 60216 txhais cov thermal endurance thiab voltage ratings rau hnub ci cables siv nyob rau hauv PV systems. Nws qhia txog qhov siab tshaj plaws uas tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm kub thiab qhov hluav taws xob rau cov cables, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv qhov chaw sab nraum zoov.
2. IEC 60502 UAS
IEC 60502 npog cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov hluav taws xob cables, suav nrog cov hnub ci cables, siv hauv kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob. Cov txheej txheem no pab txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom thaiv hluav taws xob rau cov kab hluav taws xob siv hauv thaj chaw, kev lag luam, thiab chaw tsim khoom.
3. UAS 4703
Underwriters Laboratories (UL) 4703 tus qauv tau lees paub hauv Tebchaws Meskas rau cov hnub ci hluav taws xob siv hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic. Nws txhais tau hais tias kev nyab xeeb, kev tsim kho, thiab kev xav tau ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau cov xov hluav taws xob hnub ci kom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo rau cov chaw nyob thiab kev lag luam.
4. TUV 2Pfg 1169/08.2007
TÜV (Technischer Überwachungsverein) daim ntawv pov thawj, feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv hnub ci cables, xyuas kom meej tias cov cables ua raws li European cov qauv rau kev ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig. Cov ntawv pov thawj no tau lees paub tias cov cables tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab tiv taus UV raug, ya raws, thiab kub heev.
5. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob cuam tshuam li cas rau kev tsim lub hnub ci?
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub hnub ci cables yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab thaum tsim lub tshuab photovoltaic. Nov yog ob peb txoj hauv kev uas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov qauv tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub ci kev teeb tsa:
1. Vaj huam sib luag Configuration
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm cov hluav taws xob hnub ci cuam tshuam rau kev teeb tsa ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag. Piv txwv li, thaum txuas hnub ci vaj huam sib luag nyob rau hauv series kom nce voltage, qhov sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum yog qis dua qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub cable. Kev siv cov cables nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau dua li qhov tsim nyog yuav yog txoj hauv kev nyab xeeb, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau tus nqi tag nrho ntawm lub kaw lus tsis tsim nyog.
2. Kev ua tau zoo thiab lub zog poob
Cov kab hluav taws xob siab dua tuaj yeem pab txo qis zog poob ntawm qhov ntev. Qhov no yog vim qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua tso cai rau kev sib kis tam sim no qis dua, uas txo qis I²R poob (tiv thaiv tsis tau) hauv cov cables. Hauv kev lag luam loj thiab kev lag luam, xaiv qhov raug hnub ci xaim nrog qhov tsim nyog ntsuas hluav taws xob ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev sib txuas ntev ntev.
3. Kev txiav txim siab txog kev nyab xeeb
Kev siv lub hnub ci cable nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg dhau rau lub kaw lus tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo, arcing, lossis overheating. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, xaiv ib tug cable nrog ib tug rated voltage siab tshaj qhov system cov kev cai yog feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb tab sis yuav ua rau kom tus nqi ntawm lub system. Ua kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim qauv.