Hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub, kev siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv chaw nyob, CABLE ua haujlwm hauv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev lag luam hluav taws xob. Ib qho cable ntawd uas tau nce ntxiv kev siv yog cov txiv kab ntxwv ncig cable. Hom cable no feem ntau xaiv rau nws qhov kev pom kev siab, hloov tau yooj yim, thiab kav ntev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb thaum xaiv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog nws lub peev xwm tiv thaiv hluav taws. Muab cov kev phom sij uas muaj kev phom sij, ua kom cov hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws kub muaj hluav taws-resistant yam khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb.
Tsab ntawv no rho tawm rau hauv hluav taws-resistant cov khoom ntawm txiv kab ntxwv cov cable, tshawb txog lawv cov yam ntxwv, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov yam ntxwv, thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab hluav taws kub. Nws tseem hais cov qauv thiab kev coj ua hluav taws tsis kam lees paub txog kev xaiv txoj cai cable rau kev siv hluav taws xob uas yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Dab tsi yog ib qhoTxiv Kab Ntxhw Txiv Kab Ntxwv Cable?
Ib lub txiv kab ntxwv sib zog cable feem ntau muaj ob peb lub ntsiab tseem ceeb uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws muaj nuj nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo. Cov feem no muaj raws li hauv qab no:
Tus saib xyuas: Cov no yog cov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cable thiab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nqa hluav taws xob tam sim no lossis phiajcim. Cov neeg saib xyuas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xws li tooj liab lossis txhuas vim lawv ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Kev rwb thaiv tsev: Nyob ib puag ncig txhua tus neeg xyuas pib, lub rwb thaiv tsev thaiv kev ua kom luv, to, thiab tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam cov ntsiab lus sab nraud. Cov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ua tau ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog PVC (suav nrog PVC (polyvinyl chloride), roj hmab, thiab teflon, nyob ntawm cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.
Sab nraud sheath: Lub sheath sab nraud yog cov txheej tiv thaiv uas nyob ib puag ncig tus cwj pwm thiab rwb thaiv tsev. Cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov tsim los tiv thaiv txhua yam kev ntxhov siab, noo noo, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab huab tshuaj lom neeg. Lub sheath sab nraud kuj ua rau pom kev, uas yog vim li cas txiv kab ntxwv yog qhov kev xaiv xim nrov.
Cov kab ke txiv kab ntxwv cov kab ke feem ntau yog siv nyob hauv ib puag ncig uas muaj qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov chaw tsim khoom, muaj cov khoom siv uas muaj kev sib kis. Lawv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv cable los ntawm ib puag ncig cov ntsiab lus, suav nrog UV hluav taws xob, noo noo, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws los txog rau kev nyab xeeb hluav taws, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nkag siab cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv kev koom tes seb puas muaj hluav taws kub muaj hluav taws.
Hluav taws-resistant yam ntxwv ntawm cables
Thaum sib tham txog hluav taws kub tsis kam nyob hauv cov xaim, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog cov tswv yim ntawm hluav taws-resistant thiab hluav taws-retardant thaj chaw. Cov ntsiab lus no xa mus rau li cas txoj hlua cable teb rau hluav taws kub thiab nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau kom zoo lossis ua kom qeeb.
Hluav Taws Kub-Resistant Cables: Hluav taws-resistant cable yog tshwj xeeb tsim los mus txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm thaum hluav taws. Nws tswj hwm nws cov kev ncaj ncees, cov neeg kho tshuab thiab hluav taws xob txawm tias thaum raug kub lossis hluav taws xob rau qee lub sijhawm. Cov kab ke no feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv teeb pom kev zoo, lub tswb ceeb toom, uas yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias yuav khiav lag luam txawm tias thaum hluav taws.
Hluav Taws Kub-Retardant Cables: Ntawm qhov tod tes, hluav taws-retardant cables yog tsim los tawm tsam kev sib kis ntawm cov nplaim taws. Cov cable no tsis txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm ib zaug hluav taws tau pib tiv thaiv cov nplaim taws los tiv thaiv cov nplaim taws los ntawm kev mus ncig ntawm cable, yog li cov hluav taws kis tau. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv txo cov kev puas tsuaj tag nrho tshwm sim los ntawm cov hluav taws hauv cov tuam tsev, kev thauj khoom, thiab lwm qhov chaw ib puag ncig.
Ob qho hluav taws kub-tiv thaiv thiab hluav taws-retardant cov khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov kab hluavtaws yuav raug ntsuas rau ib lossis ob qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv no nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam hluav taws
Qhov hluav taws kub tsis kam ntawm cov txiv kab ntxwv ncig yog feem ntau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv rau ob qho rwb thaiv tsev thiab riam sab nraud. Cia peb tshawb cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tiv thaiv cable hluav taws:
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) rwb thaiv tsev: PVC yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau siv rau cable rwb thaiv tsev thiab sab nraud sheathing. ThaumPvc raws li CablesFeem ntau xaiv rau lawv cov kev ua kom ruaj khov thiab raug nqi-ua tau zoo, lawv tsis muaj qhov xam hluav taws-resistant. Qhov tseeb, PVC yog paub txog emit lom zem roj thaum raug kom muaj cua sov lossis nplaim taws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab ke uas siv PVC rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem tsim nrog hluav taws-retardant additives uas txhim kho lawv kev tiv thaiv.
Tua hluav taws-resistant pvc: Qee cov qoob loo tau hloov kho nrog cov tshuaj tua hluav taws, tso cai rau cov rwb thaiv tsev kom tiv thaiv Ignition thiab qeeb tus kab mob. Cov hloov pauv no tau hloov pauv mus ntxiv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev tua hluav taws rau lub sijhawm tsawg, ua rau lawv haum rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb tsawg.
LSZH (tsawg pa taws xoom halogen) cov ntaub ntawv: Cov ntaub ntawv uas xav tau hluav taws kub ntau feem ntau siv LSZH cov ntaub ntawv rau rwb thaiv tsev thiab sheathing. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau tsim los tawm me ntsis kom tsis muaj pa taws thaum halogens, uas muaj cov tshuaj phem feem ntau tso thaum lub sijhawm sib txuas. LSZH CABLE yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov chaw ib puag ncig uas xav tau cov cable nrog cov pa luam yeeb tsawg, lossis thaj chaw uas tib neeg yuav raug kaw thaum muaj hluav taws.
Roj Hmab Rwb Thaiv Tsev: Rwb thaiv tsev roj hmab yog lwm cov khoom siv hauv qee cov kab ntxwv cov txiv kab ntxwv. Qee hom roj hmab, xws li Ethylene Propylene diene Monomer (EPDM), yog ib txwm tiv taus cua sov thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom sov dua piv rau PVC. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias cov roj hmab-insulated coles yuav xav tau kev kho mob lossis kev txhim kho kom tau txais cov ntawv tseem ceeb. Roj hmab Silicone, piv txwv li, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kub thiab yog cov tua hluav taws ntau dua li cov roj hmab cov txheej txheem.
Hlau sheaths: Nyob rau hauv qee kis, txiv kab ntxwv ncig cables yuav ua kom muaj hlau me me, xws li txhuas lossis hlau, kom muaj kev phom sij ntxiv rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev puas thiab hluav taws kub. Cov sheaths tuaj yeem ua raws li kev thaiv hluav taws, txo qis txoj kev muaj hluav taws kis tau los ntawm cable.
Cov Qauv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Cov Kev Cai
Cables yog yuav rau ntau tus qauv hauv tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb uas txhais tau lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thaum hluav taws. Ob peb lub koom haum muab cov lus qhia thiab cov ntawv pov thawj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws-resistant tias cov khoom lag luam kev nyab xeeb siv rau hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb.
IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Cov Qauv: IEC tau tsim muaj ntau yam qauv rau cov xaim siv hauv hluav taws kub, xws li IEC 60331, uas txhais tau tias qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm rau cov hluav taws. Cov qauv no qhia txog qhov kub thiab txias thiab ntev npaum li cas ib lub cable yuav tsum wrertand thaum thaum saib xyuas nws cov hluav taws xob.
UL (Underwriters Chaw soj ntsuam) Cov Qauv: Tus Qauv 44, feem ntau siv nyob rau Tebchaws Meskas, muab cov lus qhia kev nyab xeeb rau kev tsim kho thiab hluav taws kub kuj ntawm cables. Nws npog ntau hom cable thiab muab kev faib tawm raws li lawv kev tiv thaiv kom tua hluav taws thiab kub kis. UL 1581 yog lwm tus qauv cuam tshuam rau hluav taws-resistant cables-tshwj xeeb tsim rau xaim thiab cable kev sim.
BS (British Txuj Ci) 6387: Tus qauv BS 6387, tau txais hauv UK, feem ntau siv los ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov xwm txheej hluav taws. Cov qauv kev sib txuas ua ke no rau cov chav kawm sib txawv, suav nrog CWZ kev faib tawm, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov tawv. Cables ntsib cov kev qhia no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntev txog peb teev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau lawv haum rau cov khoom tseem ceeb.
NFPA (National Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Kub: NFPA 70 code (tseem hu ua tus lej hluav taws xob hauv tebchaws, lossis NEC) muab cov lus qhia rau hluav taws-resistant wiring thiab cabling rau cov tuam tsev thiab teeb tsa. Nws suav nrog cov hluav taws kub thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov cables siv hauv cov hluav taws-nquag.
Hluav Taws Kub-Resistant Khoom hauv Txiv Kab Ntxwv Cables
Thaum muaj ntau cov kab ntxwv cov kab ntxwv yog tsim los ua kom ruaj, hloov tau, thiab tiv taus ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb, lawv yuav tsis yog qhov hluav taws xob-tiv taus los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Cov hluav taws kub tsis kam ntawm ib qho kev sib cais tshwj tseg yog nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv nws txoj kev tsim kho thiab ib qho kev kho twg lossis kev txhim kho tau muab los ntawm cov khw.
Rau feem ntau cov txiv kab ntxwv cov roj cables, lawv cov hluav taws kub tiv thaiv nyob ntawm:
Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev (txawm nws yog PVC, roj hmab, lossis LSZH).
Lub ntsej muag sab nraud (seb nws yog ua los ntawm pvc, roj hmab, lossis hlau, thiab nws tau raug kho rau hluav taws tsis kam).
Txawm hais tias lub cable tau raug tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws lossis seb nws yog hluav taws kub-retardant cable ntawm cov nplaim taws.
Yog tias kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kub yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xaiv cov ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb uas tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, cov cables npaj rau kev siv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, tswj hwm qhov chaw hluav taws yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li lawv cov kev ntsuas hluav taws.
Cov ntawv thov uas tua hluav taws-resistant cov kab ke ncig yog xav tau
Kev lag luam lag luam thiab ua lag luam: Cesles siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw muaj kev lag luam feem ntau yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kom kub thiab tiv thaiv cov nplaim taws. Hluav taws kub-resistant lub coables cocles yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, xws li teeb pom kev teeb pom thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, tswb thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov, txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm hluav taws.
Cov Vaj Tse thiab Cov Qauv Txheej Txheem: Hauv cov chaw pej xeem xws li tsev kawm ntawv, tsev kho mob, cov khw muag khoom siv hluav taws, cov xaim hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua haujlwm rau kev sib kis hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Lub zog tiam thiab xa tawm: Fais fab nroj tsuag thiab cov khoom yuav tsum muaj cov qooble uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj hluav taws lossis cua sov tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb. Cov txiv kab ntxwv cov coables uas tau ntsuas rau hluav taws tsis kam tuaj yeem pab ua kom ntseeg tau lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb.
Tubrog Nkoj thiab Cov Ntawv Thov Offshore: Cesles siv hauv cov tub rog lossis cov chaw ntawm ntug hiav txwv yog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov hluav taws vim muaj kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Cov txiv kab ntxwv hluav taws-resistant lub clesles feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw zoo li kom ntseeg tau kev nyab xeeb thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm.