Raws li kev siv lub hnub ci zog txuas ntxiv mus,photovoltaic (PV) systemstau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub zog infrastructure. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov PV system yog lub hnub ci cable, uas yog lub hauv paus rau kev xa hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag rau inverters, roj teeb, thiab daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov hnub ci hluav taws xob muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau ntau yam kev ua txhaum thiab teeb meem uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev.
Nkag siab txog cov teeb meem tshwm sim uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lub hnub ci cables, yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem no thaum ntxov, thiab paub yuav ua li cas kho lossis hloov cov kab hluav taws xob puas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub neej ntev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm photovoltaic system. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tshawb txog qhov tsis raug cuam tshuam nrog lub hnub ci cables, muab kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lawv, thiab muab cov lus qhia txog yuav daws thiab kho cov teeb meem no li cas.
Common Faults thiab teeb meem ntawmHnub ci Cables
1. Kev puas tsuaj
Kev puas tsuaj rau cov tshuab yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub hnub ci cables, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa lossis vim muaj ib puag ncig xws li cua daj cua dub, cov khib nyiab poob, lossis tsiaj txhu. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, raug rau txhua yam kev nyuaj siab yuav ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj rau lub rwb thaiv tsev los yog conductors nyob rau hauv lub cables.
Ua rau Mechanical Damage:
Ntse Edges: Cov kab hluav taws xob uas tau hla ntawm cov kaum ntse ntse lossis cov npoo tuaj yeem raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau rwb thaiv tsev.
Kev tuav tsis raug: Thaum lub sij hawm kev teeb tsa lossis kev saib xyuas, cov cables uas rub tawm nruj heev, khoov heev, lossis kev txhawb nqa tsis raug tuaj yeem tsim kinks lossis tawg conductors.
Sab Nraud Siab: Yog tias cov cables raug rau sab nraud (piv txwv li, los ntawm cov khoom siv hnyav, kev khiav tsheb hauv ko taw, lossis cov huab cua hnyav), lawv tuaj yeem tawg lossis deformed.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Txheeb Xyuas Mechanical Damage:
Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag: Tshawb xyuas cov cables kom pom cov cim ntawm kev txiav, nicks, abrasions, los yog crushed cheeb tsam. Saib rau thaj chaw uas cov rwb thaiv tsev tau raug cuam tshuam, thiab tus neeg xyuas pib raug nthuav tawm.
Kev soj ntsuam kev ua haujlwm: Yog hais tias lub kaw lus tab tom ntsib qhov hluav taws xob poob, lub zog tsis sib xws, lossis lub cev tsis ua haujlwm, tej zaum yuav muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov cables.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Kho Mechanical Damage:
Hloov cov seem uas puas lawm: Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm kev txiav los yog nicks uas tau nthuav tawm tus neeg xyuas pib, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub cable yuav tsum raug txiav tawm thiab hloov nrog ib qho tshiab, tsim nyog hnub ci cable.
Txhim kho Cables: Rau cov kab hluav taws xob uas raug kev ntxhov siab tas mus li, xav txog kev txhim kho cov kav dej tiv thaiv, cov tais cable, lossis lub tes tsho tiv thaiv kom tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj yav tom ntej.
2. UV Degradation
UV degradation tshwm sim thaum lub hnub ci cable raug ultraviolet (UV) hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub dhau lub sijhawm ntev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, UV hluav taws xob tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau nws tawg, tawg, lossis tawg.
Ua rau UV Degradation:
Tawm sab nraum zoov: Hnub ci cables feem ntau ntsia sab nraum zoov, qhov chaw lawv raug tshav ntuj tas li. Yog tias cov cables tsis UV-resistant lossis tsis muaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv zoo, cov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem degrade.
Cov khoom siv tsis zoo: Qee cov kab hluav taws xob qis qis yuav tsis muaj UV-tiv thaiv txheej los yog siv cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis tsim los tiv thaiv UV ntev ntev.
Yuav Tiv Thaiv UV Degradation li cas:
Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag: UV degradation feem ntau manifests li tawg, discoloration, los yog brittleness nyob rau hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev cable. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov rwb thaiv tsev tig daj lossis ua flaky rau qhov kov.
Teeb meem kev ua haujlwm: Cables nrog degraded rwb thaiv tsev tej zaum yuav muaj luv luv circuits los yog grounding teeb meem, ua rau lub system faults los yog lub hwj chim cuam tshuam.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Kho UV Degradation:
Hloov cov kab uas puas lawm: Yog hais tias lub rwb thaiv tsev yog tawg los yog deteriorated, lub puas cable yuav tsum tau hloov tam sim ntawd. Nco ntsoov xaiv cov hnub ci hluav taws xob uas muaj UV-resistant thiab tsim rau siv sab nraum zoov.
Siv cov txheej txheem UV-tiv thaiv: Yog tias hloov cov cables tsis ua tau, xav txog kev siv cov txheej txheem UV-resistant los yog sivtiv thaiv kabtiv thaiv cov cables los ntawm kev raug tshav ntuj ntxiv.
3. Kub kub
Overheating yog ib qho txhaum uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub hnub ci cables raug rau cov khoom siv tam sim no ntau dhau, kev teeb tsa tsis zoo, lossis cov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Overheating tuaj yeem ua rau melting lossis degradation ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj heev.
Ua rau Overheating:
Tshaj dhau tam sim no: Yog hais tias cov cables yog undersized los yog lub kaw lus yog nqus zog ntau tshaj li qhov xav tau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws kub ntau dhau ntawm cov cables.
Qhov cua tsis zoo: Cov cables uas tau ntim nruj los yog ntsia rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj cua tsis zoo tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov cua sov, ua rau cov cables dhau los.
Faulty Connections: Kev sib txuas hluav taws xob xoob lossis corroded hauv lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv, uas ua rau muaj cua sov ntxiv.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Pom Kev Kub Kub:
Kub Cable: Ib qho ntawm cov cim pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm overheating yog tias cov cables lawv tus kheej hnov kub heev rau qhov kov.
Hlawv tsw: Cov kab hluav taws xob overheated tuaj yeem tsim cov ntxhiab tsw txawv txawv vim yog cov rwb thaiv tsev melting lossis cov conductors lawv tus kheej.
Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo: Ib qho hluav taws xob overheated yuav ua rau hluav taws xob tsis zoo, qhov hluav taws xob poob, lossis tseem ua rau lub inverter kaw kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Kho Overheating:
Hloov Overheated Cables: Yog hais tias cov cables raug overheated, cov seem puas yuav tsum tau hloov. Kev tsim cov kab hluav taws xob zoo raws li qhov ntsuas tam sim no yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem no.
Tshawb xyuas kev sib txuas: Tshawb xyuas txhua qhov kev sib txuas kom ntseeg tau tias lawv huv, ruaj ntseg, thiab tsis muaj corrosion. Tighten ib qho kev sib txuas xoob, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog tiv thaiv thiab overheating.
Txhim kho qhov cua: Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov cables raug ntsia rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cua txaus thiab tsis tau muab khi ua ke nruj heev, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cua sov. Kev siv cov kab hluav taws xob insulated tuaj yeem pab nrog cov cua sov dissipation.
4. Corrosion
Corrosion tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov kab hluav taws xob hnub ci uas raug cov dej noo, av noo, lossis cua ntsev. Corrosion ua rau lub cable tsis muaj hluav taws xob conductivity thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov cables ua tsis tiav. Qhov teeb meem no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau thaj tsam ntug dej hiav txwv uas cov dej ntsev tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem corrosion.
Ua rau Corrosion:
Moisture Exposure: Kev raug dej ntev ntev los yog cov av noo tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau txuas hauv cov cables xeb lossis xeb.
Ntsev Cua: Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, dej ntsev hauv huab cua tuaj yeem ua rau corrosion ntawm tooj liab lossis aluminium conductors, ua rau lub zog poob thiab ua rau cable tsis ua haujlwm.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Tiv Thaiv Corrosion:
Kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag: Txheeb xyuas cov kab xaus kom pom cov cim pom ntawm corrosion los yog ntsuab, dawb, los yog dub residues ntawm cov conductors raug. Corroded connectors kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom cov cim ntawm kev hloov xim lossis pitting.
Voltage poob: Corrosion tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cov kab hluav taws xob, ua rau cov hluav taws xob poob qis thiab txo cov zis hluav taws xob.
Yuav Kho Corrosion li cas:
Hloov Corroded Cables: Yog hais tias qhov corrosion tau ua puas lub conductors lossis rwb thaiv tsev, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cable yuav tsum tau hloov.
Siv Corrosion-Resistant Cables: Rau kev teeb tsa hauv ntug dej hiav txwv lossis qhov chaw ntub dej, siv cov kab hluav taws xob tiv thaiv corrosion nrog tinned tooj liab lossis marine-qib coatings.
Foob Exposed Connectors: Siv cov khoom sib txuas tsis muaj dej thiab cov sealant kom tsis txhob ya raws los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv lub cable xaus thiab ua rau corrosion.
5. Luv Circuits
Lub voj voog luv luv tshwm sim thaum qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag ncaj qha, hla cov hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj thiab ua rau cov dej ntws ntau dhau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub hnub ci hluav taws xob puas, cov khoom sib txuas, thiab tsim kom muaj hluav taws kub.
Ua rau Short Circuits:
Kev puas tsuaj rwb thaiv tsev: Yog hais tias lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov cables puas los yog degraded, cov conductors yuav kov ib leeg, ua rau ib tug luv luv Circuit Court.
Loose kev sib txuas: Kev teeb tsa tsis zoo lossis kev sib txuas tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau cov conductors txav mus thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam rau hauv kev sib cuag, tsim kom muaj qhov luv luv.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Txheeb Xyuas Short Circuits:
Tripped Circuit Breakers: Ib qho luv luv Circuit Court feem ntau ua rau lub kaw lus Circuit Court breakers mus ncig, cuam tshuam lub zog khiav.
Haus luam yeeb los yog kub hnyiab: Yog tias ib qho luv luv tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem hnov qhov hluav taws kub rwb thaiv tsev lossis pom cov pa taws, qhia tias cov cable lossis cov khoom txuas txuas tau kub dhau.
Yuav ua li cas kho Short Circuits:
Tshawb xyuas thiab hloov cov kab hluav taws xob puas: Xyuas seb puas muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev puas los yog raug cov neeg xyuas pib thiab hloov cov cables cuam tshuam tam sim ntawd.
Kev sib txuas ruaj ntseg: Xyuas kom meej tias tag nrho cov kev sib txuas yog nruj thiab zoo-insulated los tiv thaiv cov conductors los ntawm kov ib leeg los yog lwm yam khoom.
6. Teeb meem hauv av
Tsim nyoghauv avyog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb ntawm txhua lub hnub ci hluav taws xob. Kev ua txhaum hauv av tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hluav taws xob poob siab lossis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws. Ib qho kev sib txuas hauv av tsis zoo kuj tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws xob nrov thiab qhov system tsis ruaj khov.
Ua rau Grounding Issues:
Kev tsim av tsis raug: Yog hais tias lub hauv av tsis raug ntsia zoo los yog khaws cia, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis sib xws hauv cov hluav taws xob.
Corroded Grounding kev sib txuas: Corroded los yog xoob grounding sib txuas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob tawg.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Pom Cov Teeb Meem Hauv Tsev:
Voltage Imbalance: Ib qho teeb meem hauv av yuav tshwm sim raws li qhov txawv txav ntawm qhov kev nyeem ntawv lossis lub zog tsis tu ncua ntawm lub hnub ci.
Hluav taws xob poob siab: Yog tias muaj hluav taws xob poob lossis tawg thaum kov lub kaw lus, qhov no qhia tias muaj teeb meem hauv av.
Yuav kho cov teeb meem hauv av li cas:
Tshawb xyuas Grounding System: Tshawb xyuas txhua qhov kev sib txuas hauv av kom ruaj ntseg thiab cov cim qhia ntawm corrosion. Tighten los yog hloov cov xov hlau xoob lossis corroded hauv av.
Xyuas kom muaj kev txhim kho kom raug: Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov txheej txheem hauv av tau raug teeb tsa kom raug raws li cov cai siv hluav taws xob.